'Public Health Issue Of Chlamydia Health And Social Care Essay\r'

'Chlamydia transmission ontogenys the bidliness of be at encounter for HIV infection and cervical malignant neoplastic disease ( Steben, 2004 ) . Known as the â€Å" concealed Venereal disease ” be precedent of the comparative deflect in observing infection, chlamydia is peculiarly crude among girlish grown female persons ( Alexander, 2006 ) . Numerous prevailing surveies in several(prenominal)(a) clinical populations have shown that stiru ally mobile striplings and puerile grownups have higher rates of chlamydia infection comp bed to the normal population ( Adderley-Kelly, 2005 ) . In add-on, regional sterility undertakings that f be everyday large-scale showing and appraisal among swelled females have found that younger adult females are more(prenominal) likely than sr.er adult females to be examed positive for chlamydia infection ( Alexander, 2006 ; Adderley-Kelly, 2005 ) .\r\nControling the ranch of chlamydia has been a precedence of The Centers for Dis ease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) ( 2010 ) . CDC recommends that innerly fighting(a) females patriarchal 20 venerable ages white-haired and below and those over 20 experient ages honest-to-goodness possessing guess itemors ( e.g. multiple sex spouses ) be suppressed y ahead of time. literary productions besides supports the recommendation that Chlamydia scrutiny through treat health appraisal can help in early designation of the disease ( Steben, 2004 ) . Furthermore, instruction on run could besides be implemented to go off consciousness rough the infer factors that are associated with the blossom of this infection. Ahmed et Al. ( 2009 ) identified several opportunity factors of Chlamydia, including age, race. insufficiency of everyday cognition, h gray-headeding multiple spouses, non-use of proper protection like rubber work, and the use of resources or available thinks to originate and forestall.Problem StatementThis scene recognizes that the high inci dence of chlamydia can be mitigated through proper showing and early designation. More specifically, testing at-risk persons much(prenominal) as females fourth-year 12 to 15 antiquated ages old, would assist in the early detection and bar of chlamydia infection. Due to the fact that the addition in chlamydia infection is among striplings, and the fact that it is more times symptom little, failure to seek medical attention occurs and later leads to long-run wellness concerns ( Alexander, 2006 ) .\r\nHarmonizing to Burns, Briggs, & A ; Gaudet, ( 2007 ) , amaze uping a chlamydia testing or testing plan for striplings has ever been hard. Barriers to testing take on the in competency to net for wellness showing collectable to a deficiency of wellness insurance, deficiency of transit to the clinic site, uncomfortableness with the clinic, and confidentiality issues. These barriers, in concurrence with a disease that exhibits minimum or no symptoms, generate a challenge for S TD plans to test a bad population.\r\nThe U.S. Preventive Service task Force ( USPSTF, 2001 ) strongly recommended that clinicians routinely screen all cozyly diligent adult females aged 25 and younger, and other asymptomatic adult females at increase endanger for infection. Since age is the most of import hazard factor, adult females and striplings through age 20 old ages are at highest hazard for chlamydia infection. Other hazard factors associated with high prevalence included: being single, African-American race, belongings a anterior memoir of cozyly transmitted disease, holding new, or multiple sexual spouses, holding cervical ectopy, and utilizing barrier preventives inconsistently ( Adderley-Kelly, 2005 ) . separate hazard depends on the figure of hazard factors and topical anaesthetic prevalence of the disease.\r\nSurveies have shown that unequal showing, besides event from three things: foremost, it chooses clip for any new recommendations to be implemented. Sec ond, practician ‘s attachment to testing recommendations varies widely. Third, attachment to testing recommendations varies by site of attention. Therefore, it is of import to be able to discourse and obtain a sexual wellness floor with all patients, lieu the label and symptoms of chlamydia and acknowledge possible hazard factors that are associated with chlamydia infection that would put persons at higher hazard ( Steben, 2004 ) . As nurses, it is imperative that we complete a full wellness appraisal which would include a sexual history to distance early hazard and sensing of the disease. admit screens have non being followed to measure persons with possible hazard factors.AimThe bearing of the keep an eye on is to look into whether annually testing of sexually-active females aged 13 to 25 entrust increase bar and early sensing of chlamydia infection, as compared to females aged 13 to 25 who are sexually active and are non screened.Designation of Variables and Target PopulationThe independent variable cerebrate to this inquiry is testing. The dependent variables are 1 ) bar and 2 ) early sensing. The mark population is sexually active females aged 13 to 25 old ages old.Hypothesis or Research Question ( s )This survey aims to reply the undermentioned inquiry: Does testing take to bar and early sensing of chlamydia infection among sexually active females aged 13 to 25 old ages old?\r\nIn relation to this research inquiry, the survey hypothesizes that:\r\nRH1: sexually active females aged 13 to 25 old ages old who are screened are less likely to hold chlamydia infection than females who are non screened.\r\nRH2: Sexually active females aged 13 to 25 old ages old who are screened are detected in the lead for chlamydia infection than females who are non screened. translation of FootingsThe undermentioned footings are delimit in theoretical and operational footings, as follows:\r\nChlamydia\r\n theory-based description: Harmonizing to the CDC ( 2010 ) , chlamydia is defined as a common sexually familial disease ( STD ) caused by chlamydia trachomatis, a bacteria that can damage adult females ‘s generative variety meats. Even though the symptoms of chlamydia are normally mild or absent, serious complications that cause irreversible harm, including sterility, can happen â€Å" mutely ” before a adult female recognizes a railway line.\r\n usable Definition: For the intents of this survey, chlamydia refers to a positive diagnosing make by a doctor through a urine-based PCR showing for chlamydia.\r\n cover song\r\nTheoretical Definition: Screening is performed to place the presence of the disease or of a hazard factor for a disease, typically among symptomless individuals ( those who do non already manifest symptoms of disease ) . In this manner, a disease or the hazard factors for a disease can be detected early, leting any intervention or bar, including forestalling the farther unfold of catching or catching d iseases ( Robinson, 2002 ) .\r\nOperational Definition: For the intent of this survey, testing involves a wellness history which identifies the hazard factors such(prenominal) as a old history of STD, holding multiple sex spouses, holding sex with new spouse, the purpose of non-barrier types of contraceptive method, or holding cervical ectopy.\r\nPrevention\r\nTheoretical Definition: bar is the maintaining of something ( such as an unwellness or hurt ) from go oning ( Miller-Keane, 1997 ) .\r\nOperational Definition: For the intent of this survey, bar is the absence of chlamydia which will be indicated by a negative consequence diagnosed by a doctor through a urine-based PCR proving for chlamydia infection.\r\nSexually active\r\nTheoretical Definition: Sexually active agencies naming or engagement in a sexual act, being involved, and an active participant.\r\nOperational Definition: For the intent of this survey, sexually active females will mention to those who ordered a visit fo r gestation, STD diagnosing, showing, contraceptive method, or intervention.Theoretical ModelThe prehend model selected for this proposal is Nola Pender ‘s wellness promotion theoretical consider ( HPM ) . The HPM, originally developed in the early 1980s, is a model that serves as â€Å" a usher for geographic expedition of the complex biopsychosocial processes that travel persons to prose emasculatede in wellness demeanours directed toward the sweeten of wellness ” ( Pender, 1996, p. 51 ) . The HPM is widely represented in the nursing literature and is the model that underpins over nose candy research surveies.\r\nPender ‘s HPM is a valuable motherfucker for the designation of incentives and barriers toward persons ‘ active engagement in activities that lift wellness ( Pender, 1996 ) . Pender proposed in the HPM that thither are by and large three countries which influence the acceptance of health-promoting behaviour: â€Å" cognitive, perceptual, modifying factors and cues to actions ” ( Pender, 1996, p. 53 ) . Pender focuses on enterprise from the person to aim for health and positive wellness and views the benefits of such self-directing behaviours to include verve and even self-actualization.\r\nPender measures an person ‘s â€Å" compass control of wellness ” by his or her ability to command behaviours that are necessary to advance alterations in overall wellness and wellbeing. Pender views wellness forwarding as active instead than inactive. The individual must comprehend that he or she wields entire control of his wellness. Hopefully, this perceptual dumbfound will take to a more frequent and consistent application of health-promoting behaviours. The apprehension of wellness advancing behaviours in striplings may non merely be an application of bing cognition related to wellness publicity in grownups ( Srof, 2006 ) . Rather the development of independency and the associated undertakings of you thful development contribute to alone organic social organization of cognition of wellness publicity in teens ( Srof, 2006 ) .\r\nPender ‘s HPM provides a paradigm in an attempt to go into up with intercession plans to turn to wellness concerns such as chlamydia infection. Literature has revealed that there are several barriers to prevention attempts initiated by authorities bureaus and not-for-profit organisations to control the spread of Chlamydia infection among younger adult females ( Alexander, 2006 ) . The HPM theoretical line identifies seven perceptual and cognitive factors which could discourage or heighten the likeliness of a individual ‘s acceptance of wellness behaviours. For striplings, these factors could be perceived benefits of action, barriers to action, self-efficacy, and activity-related make are related to interpersonal influences, such as household, equals, situational influences, options, and demands.\r\nAs I relate this theoretical account chie fly to striplings and their increased hazard of chlamydia infection, the fact that striplings do non take portion in their ain wellness promotion/disease bar through the usage of rubbers to forestall the spread of STD infections demonstrates the demand to turn to and place each person ‘s perceptual experience of chlamydia infections which could impact his or her quality of life in all developmental phases of life. This survey will tense up on modifying factors to include demographics, biological features, interpersonal influences, situational factors, and behavioral factors that could impact a immature adult female ‘s opportunities of prosecuting in behaviours that promote wellness ( Pender, 1996 ) .Significance of StudyThis research proposal seeks to look into the importance of testing as a mechanism to diminish the hazard of chlamydia infections among sexually active females aged 13 to 25. It is of import to screen and educate this population about possible hazard fa ctors and preventative steps such as the usage of instruction, supportive resources, rubbers and abstention. Because the disease is chiefly symptomless in females, it is of import for nurses and other health care suppliers to place and follow recommended showing and appraisal of these persons. A job identified in the literature reappraisal is that there is some incompatibility in testing females for STDs due to varies grounds ( Streben, 2004 ) . The CDC ( 2010 ) has recommended showing of all sexually active females ages 13-25 yearly, but it is questionable whether such showing is real taking topographic point. It is besides dubious how umteen females of this age group routinely see health care suppliers unless a job has been identified.\r\nThis survey would do a difference by pulling a family relationship between testing and bar and early sensing of chlamydia in a bad population. In so making, it contributes to the organic structure of literature formed by authorities bureaus, r esearch workers, and non-profit wellness organisations that have initiated plans to cut down the prevalence of chlamydia in immature adult females. Screening will besides depict barriers and hazard factors to infection such as multiple sex spouses, STD history, or deficiency of usage of protective barriers such as rubber usage. In the procedure, this survey will foreground the important function of healthcare suppliers in showing, educating, and observing marks and symptoms of chlamydia infection and the importance of systematically executing sexual wellness history, appraisal, and showings to convey about a lessening in the incidence of this disease.\r\n'